During early judicial proceedings, Sengbe and Kimbo, another captive, told their stories through an interpretor who did not speak the Mendi language. That first trial held no surprises. The Africans lost.
Martin Van Buren, then president of the United States, decided to intervene. Before the Amistad Africans had a chance to appeal their loss, Van Buren authorized a Navy ship to take the Africans back to Cuba! Blatantly violating due process of law, the President set the stage for a battle in the United States Supreme Court.
A group of abolitionists heard about the plight of the Africans and hired Roger Sherman Baldwin, an attorney from Connecticut, to defend them. Baldwin was known as a man who spoke for the downtrodden.
Before he could speak for his clients, however, he had to be able to speak with them. No one in Connecticut understood Mendi. Searching the docks in New York, the abolitionists found James Covey who had been born in Mendi country (where his name was Kaw-we-li). Fortunately, Covey spoke Sengbe’s language. (The link takes you to an incredible web site on the Mendi language.) Baldwin and the abolitionists were determined to free the Africans. With President Van Buren and his administration against them, however, the road would not be easy.