Civil War, U.S. - Unforgettable Sights

At the start of the War Between the States - when cows grazed near the White House and daisies surrounded the Smithsonian - opposing ideals split the country in two. Seemingly irreconcilable differences caused fathers and sons to leave home "to fight," never to return again. In many cases, family members had no idea how their loved ones died - or where they were buried.

Did either side think the war would be over quickly? Despite the typical early enthusiasm to "fight for the right" of one's convictions, the war dragged on. By its end, the country and her people had been devastated - especially in the South.

While many Americans have heard of the places made famous by the Civil War, few have actually "been there." Thanks to U.S. Archives, it is possible to "meet" the people involved, "visit" the scenes of conflict and examine the evidence of what actually happened in America's first highly photographed war.

• Harpers Ferry - the place where John Brown (the abolitionist) led his notorious October 16, 1859 raid on the federal arsenal - seems an unlikely place for what some say was the spark that set off the Civil War.
  
  
• Yorktown was a beautiful, seaside Virginia town in the spring of 1862. But the town was changing from an idyllic peacetime setting to a place of war.
  
  
• The picturesque Antietam Bridge (near Sharpsburg, Maryland) became the scene of the bloodiest battle of the war when General George McClellan's Union troops fought General Robert E. Lee's Confederate troops during September, 1862. The slaughter was so appalling, President Lincoln visited the battlefield and soon thereafter issued his Emancipation Proclamation.
  
  
• Cold Harbor, Virginia was transformed from a battlefield (where General Ulysses S. Grant commanded Union forces in June, 1864) to a macabre place of death (in April, 1865).
  
  
• Richmond, Virginia - capital of the Confederate States of America and location of its "White House" - underwent a vast transformation from bustling harbor town to devastated city.



• Norfolk's Navy Yard, once a place of prominence, was reduced to rubble by December, 1864.