Click2History - School Busing - Chapter 3

<body link="0000ff" alink="ff0000" vlink="000000" bgcolor=000033> <table width="100%" bgcolor=000033> <tr> <td align=center valign=top> <table width=90% bgcolor=ffffff> <tr> <td align=center valign=top> <tr> <td> <div align=center><p><b><font face="arial, helvetica" size=5 color=000000><b>SCHOOL BUSING</p> <p><font size=4>CHAPTER 3 - "WITH ALL DELIBERATE SPEED"</font></p> </div> <center> <table width="90%"> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"> <div align="justify"> <p><font face="arial, helvetica" color="000000" size="3">Years had passed since Justice <a href="http://media.nara.gov/media/images/9/26/09-2511a.gif" target="_blank"><b>Felix Frankfurter</b></a> (shown in this National Archives photo with Eleanor Roosevelt and FDR, Jr.) <a href="http://memory.loc.gov/mss/mcc/073/0002.gif" target="_blank"><b>struggled</b></a> to find the right words in <i>Brown v Board of Education</i> II: Integrate schools "<a href="http://oyez.nwu.edu/cases/cases.cgi?command=show&case_id=52&page=abstract" target="_blank"><b>with all deliberate speed</b></a>."</p> <p>By 1971 (the turbulent year of anti-war protests, the "Pentagon Papers," more American deaths in Viet Nam and the Court’s decision in <i>Swann</i>), public schools had not integrated "with all deliberate speed." School districts had tried - by busing black students to white schools and white students to black schools. In early 1971, it was still an open question whether the United States Supreme Court would support the concept of busing as a segregation cure.</p> <p>Many parents and students were vehemently opposed to busing as a cure for anything. What were those protests all about? Where were some of the more violent outbreaks?</p> </div> <p align="center"><font size="2"><a href="school_busing_ch2.htm">GO TO LAST CHAPTER</a>     <a href="school_busing_ch1.htm">BACK TO FIRST CHAPTER</a>     <a href="school_busing_ch4.htm">GO TO NEXT CHAPTER</a></p><br> </td> </tr> </table>  </td> </tr> </table>  </td> </tr> </table> </body>