After the collapse of the Roman Empire, systematic slavery was virtually non-existent until it was reintroduced as a source of labor for the “New World.” The story of how African men, women and children were first captured, then shipped out as slaves for the colonial world, is appalling. Thanks to the Library of Congress, we can view surviving drawings and pictures of those disturbing times.

• People, kidnapped from their west African villages by white slavers and black traitors, were targeted for bondage overseas.



• After they were captured, soon-to-be slaves were marched from their homes to the African coast.



• Iron masks, collars, leg shackles and spurs restricted the movements of kidnapped people.



• Historians believe more than ten million Africans were captured and sent to the Americas as slaves.




What they endured aboard ship, as they sailed to the Americas, was no less horrific:

• Captured Africans, crammed into ships, suffered a difficult Atlantic crossing.



• Captain John Kimber, whip in hand, watched as a slave-ship sailor suspended a 15-year-old African girl by her ankle.

Arriving in an unfamiliar country, where people did not speak their language, captured Africans were bought and sold at auction. Such was expected in the world of chattel slavery.